Method for producing activated carbon



I MM my 19, 1936 I 2,040ss1 rm-matron rmnccm 'oac' a'r'rzn V .i M .lmmg rtc oam gmmtm 11 p rzsln w'is fabpuc uoa remem r2139a,?

. .w a In Germany January 28, 1, 7

L-M'y invention :relates to anew and improved serial No. 599,920. 193:, I

" method of producing activated .carbon.-;

One 01' the obie ts oi! my invention is qlproducev n with the.,,use of i'bro'wn: coal.

an;v activated c I or:.lignite,-ot the like, asstarting materiah I 2 Another object or my invention is' to; -produc m tion properties;

a Another :object basements-n "to simplify the production of activated carbon-from the tion, theffinal product'being highlyv activated. r

" r Another object of my invention is m de-ash m I starting material by means oifafsuitable fltreato ment, as for exampleby washingl the starting materialwith hydrochloric acidyand'ithen heatin the, purifledstarting material, at, high te'niperaj: ture, .to carbonize the purified starting-material; (Another object of my invention is to cause the;

25' carbonization Iotg'the starting material in-the" presence of a gas which operates to activate the j '.'matel'iali"h v, other objects of my invention are: set forth I in'the following description it being understood invention is intended to generally explain "the same and without limiting thesame in any manner.- I

Likewise, i do not wish be limite d-eto the I specific examples which are later given-herein,

as illustrating the best embodiments of the in- :vention, since numerous changes in procedure and, a made, without departing in ingredients may trom'thespiritoithe invention-.- I

from substances which contain carbon, according tovarious' methods. Accordingto one method,'f certain specific activating-substances were a'ddedi- I to the starting materiaL- Such activating subto the actionot an activating gas, or vapor, such I I as steam, carbonic acid, chlorine, etc. II The prodnot which was' thus securedwas ireediirom its ash constituents, and it necessary from the minactivated carbon, withthe use of said type of, I s'tarting'materiahwhich shall-have highadsorp-incou v 1 a and this small percentageoi' hydrochlo'ric M5 6 I HeretoIore activated carbon has been made;

terial; but this known process is -.tediO on the one hand alargewquantity otflw'aahwater is necessaryd'onmmovinfl 1mm the' activated car- ,bon{ the residue,,.ot the hydrochloric acid and on the, otherihand it; is :necessary'='to. subiect the activated, charcoal freed ,irom I ash in said manner, to a second heat treatment, inorder'tosecure zanafteractivatiom 1; I

; According to my improved-processdcan secure: q

va.highlyfactivatedcarbon in asingleheat treat-, 15 ment irom brown coal,-*lignite, peat. or other plant materials containing: cellulose, said starting material being preferably; in the liorm :ot a powder on-dust. According =tofmy process,

'I remove the largest part oithe ashl-iormingcon stituents'i'rom the startingamaterial v.(brownycoal.

terial. with hydrochloric ,acid; prior to heating said starting material. -,The starting g; Y rifreed from ash is-thencarboniaedby subjecting j v .2 the same to a hightemperature; Ipreier to have YI I this carbonizing take place: in. the presence ofan I ,activatinggaaj a 80 that the above-statement otpthe objects .01 It has been kmwnw ,byflnely; pu1verizing'carbonaceous'materlal,dis-. j the material, treating it 1 -underpressure with concentrated zinc-chloride I solutions,-and then hydrolyzing by means of-smalljg 1 g quantities oi. hy'drochlo'ric'acid orr-oijsiflphurica activated and whichshasi' adsorption properties,

solving or dispersing acid.x l n. I v According to this process, only. a very centage ot hydrochloric acid'was added or-utilim I was I always used together with the chloride ing the hydrolysis.

Accordingto my inventiom I-preter t'oi use hy i j V I idrochloric acid alone, and' in suflicient quantity as I stances were, for example, zinc chloride, orphos phoric acid. The starting material, intermixed I with said activating substances was then carbon Y ized at azhigh temperature. It was alsocommon v practice to' simuitaneouslysubject the material in order to secureian entirely diflerent purpole namely,-jdissolving-"out the mineral" of the startingmaterllLt I -It has also been proposed to treatverya-nnelv I 7 divided coal with a minturebf sulphuric and hyso drochloric acids, in order to transiorm the metal compounds in 'the coal, into' soluble'salts and sulphates; It was thenknecessary to washthe coal; treat itwith' nitric acid; again ma-- terial;=then'treat'it with e u-many suitable,treatment, ins withhydrocmoric aci'CL usingbrown coal or lignite, aslthekstartingmalignite, peat; wood orother'pla'nt mate'rialsconk taining cellulose) by washing said we a the .7 'nowevgmmm am not the carbon, andthlemethod a 7' .aolely for producing carbon -b lack,x. to;

juunaedunmme u ,acldlsave hydrochlorlcacld) ln c'arrylnd fout my activate the 'productL; .f'1he -e1id product andv n h u zneated steam'ls allowed to'p'ase v if "lhe octlvatlon amine :on in) mrt made of metal. as w ll as in a Mick:

' lncreesed; bi 'essurqaif :velocltyotzthe' l hould be controlled so that the reaction between" which 1; pr'oduced'by the' cal-bows nearly? uano;

lug-wane desired 1 used aeastartingmaterlab V 1; 11 which has been manufactured-Lin the edeorptlon power:

' a.-v0ne, gram of the -t-aolut lolfotmethylenehlue.: a

I y 30%fundenthe some conditions;

- In some cases it may bedellreble' that th'ecar- J hon should have: feeble acid reaction. {I have; found mammary mam: there g a a to very small quantities of'anucldwhlch has low I preternottouee lulphuflc acld or any other V ;-1mproved process; because the soluble; I alt! eh .m wdd e! a mylnventlon. I. preter'to treat b n .llamte. w odb nlenti mmnm containing cellulose with acid alone, in a single steE andtQtheii I ifvomj I 4-H V I H r V a quantltleagarc'mhutoluhetuntlally eomdnd I l l I tn a temperatureoot'800 ce while super;

value the de iahedum'atetlal hasto steam 'lnithetormot a 'layeras thin-as poathleh, 1n i mmf tort; thethlckness 01' the la'yer phouldnot exceedi 1 H thelayerle moved, asln'a i-evolvlnlflmrnaceiithethickn'eaeotthe layei cani'exeeedm *ledthrough'th atatmospherlc'or sllzhtly ithe'ste'ain mama-hydrogen a 'c i no ide. f

. r Thereioreithe velocity ofmust not: 3The lenith' of this treatment" depends uponpredetermln'ed condltlona,g'accord-, power of the a'ctli -i 'v'atedfcarbomz I haveJmmd that the adlorptlonj;

v property lethebest-yhen thefend product 1sI-' 15%to 20% of-the llmlte hlch has been 11 ,ahove mentionedjahowrthetollcwlnzq =02 aramct; theaactlvated xcarbon. 'WQI I -lzedlemclaeeecsolutlon'up-to 7.2%, whllea hllihr;

lywalueble andwpeclal:actlvated carboneofthe pu poses ordlnary kind; only decolorlzedl the 'same uD t0:

,voll-tlllbrmch'as moephorlc acldp' I Ithas beenrknowmthatithe I activated carbonot the allghteatreeidue or iron o de t of. lrouioxlde' can heifltdehtflu ,thg-actlvet d: a carbon in suchia'torm, lttwlll noun-act with! I have:

bl n hen qw m t vatewecrhcniromthelllnlte byj theideaeliud lkaltc; it can:

malice lo the tyliea of coal, ;l1',1t;eatedf1or example by' the same wlth'ja'eclutlomot oxalic acld,, ,alaoidellver "tron m alor n lalnacluhleiln -nydm t that r mem mm v V I saturatlonbfneutralllaflon ofjsuch 01' "Raw brown 1* other,

* m m i i i me j A 2 1 i "ethod ogmocueuon gul -meu'vmzegl,el -i 13%: 5'

follow'lng tehle mt otthe 1 "with methods ,.ha've-.been-prev1ous1y m menu the the figures Imam 'rhlegm I'mWJ- w Qr'w mthe aroma-mm. .near 'cologne ln gar 0.45% 310,; 7 5' I aoqaosi' invention, but it is clear that numerous changes and omissions couldbe made without departhg from its spirit.

I For example, it is not necessary that the preliminary washing with hydrochloric acid should completely remove the ash-constituents as long as such constituents are substantially removed. 80. that a good activated carbon is produced. t

I claim: l

1. A method of producing activated carbon from lignite, which consists in first substantially removing the ash-forming constituents by washing the lignite with hydrochloric acid. and-then carbonizing the product in the presence of an activating gas.

2. A method or producing activated carbon from lignite which consists in first substantially removing the ash-forming constituents by washing the lignite with hydrochloric acid, then adding to the purified lignite a small proportion .ot acid having low volatility, and then carbonizing the lignite in the presence of an activating gas.

3. A method of producing activated carbon from lignitewhich consists in first substantially removing the ash-forming constituents by washing thedignite'with hydrochloric acid, then adding to the purified lignite a small proportion of phosphoric acid, and then carboniaing the habits by heat in'the presence or an activating gas.

said iron oxide.

lignlte which consists in first substantiallyremoving the ash-forming constituents by washing a the lignite with hydrochloric acid; thenadding to-the purified lignite a small proportion of an acid'having low volatility, and then carbonizing the lignlte in the presence 0! 'an activating gas,

the proportionoi said acid which is added to the lignitegoorrespondi'ng substantially to the amount which is required for combining with the iron oxide, in order to form a chemical compound with 4. A method of producing activated carbon from I 5. A method at producing activated carbon from llgnite which consists in first treating the lignitc with hydrochloric acid in order to remove therefrom a substantial part of the ash-forming constituents, and then heating the purified lignite in orderto carbonize the same.

o. a method 01." producing activated carbon from lignite which consists in first treating the lignite with hydrochloric acid in order to remove therefrom a substantial part of the ash-forming constituents, and then heating the purified lignite in order to carbonize the same. said heating being carried on'in the presence or an activating gas. as

war-m FUCHS. 

